dictyNews
Electronic Edition
Volume 50, number 3
February 23, 2024
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Abstracts
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Wound Repair of the Cell Membrane: Lessons from Dictyostelium
Cells
Shigehiko Yumura
published in Cells
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/13/4/341
The cell membrane is frequently subjected to damage, either
through physical or chemical means. The swift restoration of the
cell membrane’s integrity is crucial to prevent the leakage of
intracellular materials and the uncontrolled influx of extracellular
ions. Consequently, wound repair plays a vital role in cell
survival, akin to the importance of DNA repair. The mechanisms
involved in wound repair encompass a series of events, including
ion influx, membrane patch formation, endocytosis, exocytosis,
recruitment of the actin cytoskeleton, and the elimination of damaged
membrane sections. Despite the absence of a universally accepted
general model, diverse molecular models have been proposed for
wound repair in different organisms. Traditional wound methods not
only damage the cell membrane but also impact intracellular
structures, including the underlying cortical actin networks,
microtubules, and organelles. In contrast, the more recent improved
laserporation selectively targets the cell membrane. Studies on
Dictyostelium cells utilizing this method have introduced a novel
perspective on the wound repair mechanism. This review
commences by detailing methods for inducing wounds and
subsequently reviews recent developments in the field.
Submitted by Shigehiko Yumura [[log in to unmask]]
___________________________________________________________
Evolution of microRNAs in Amoebozoa and implications for the
origin of multicellularity
Bart Edelbroek1*, Jonas Kjellin1, Inna Biryukova2, Zhen Liao1,
Torgny Lundberg1, Angelika A. Noegel3, Ludwig Eichinger3,
Marc R. Friedländer2 and Fredrik Söderbom1*
1 Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala Biomedical
Centre, Uppsala University, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
2 Science for Life Laboratory, The Department of Molecular
Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University,
10691 Stockholm, Sweden
3 Centre for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of
Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Email: [log in to unmask], [log in to unmask]
Correspondence may also be addressed to Fredrik Söderbom.
Tel: +46 184714901; Email: [log in to unmask]
Present address: Zhen Liao, Génétique Moléculaire,
Génomique, Microbiologie (GMGM), University of Strasbourg,
67000 Strasbourg, France.
Published in Nucleic Acids Research (NAR)
https://academic.oup.com/nar/advance-article/doi/10.1093/nar/
gkae109/7611030?utm_source=authortollfreelink&utm_campaign=
nar&utm_medium=email&guestAccessKey=
7c3c44c2-51ca-497e-aad0-7caa69aeddae
MicroRNAs (miRNA s) are important and ubiquitous regulators of
gene expression in both plants and animals. They are thought to have
evolved convergently in these lineages and hypothesized to have
played a role in the evolution of multicellularity. In line with this
hypothesis, miRNAs have so far only been described in few unicellular
eukaryotes. Here, we investigate the presence and evolution of miRNAs
in Amoebozoa, focusing on species belonging to Acanthamoeba,
Physarum and dictyostelid taxonomic groups, representing a range of
unicellular and multicellular lifestyles. miRNAs that adhere to both the
stringent plant and animal miRNA criteria were identified in all examined
amoebae, expanding the total number of protists harbouring miRNAs
from 7 to 15. We found conserved miRNAs between closely related
species, but the majority of species feature only unique miRNAs.
This shows rapid gain and / or loss of miRNAs in Amoebozoa, further
illustrated by a detailed comparison between two evolutionary closely
related dictyostelids. Additionally, loss of miRNAs in the Dictyostelium
discoideum drnB mutant did not seem to affect multicellular
development and, hence, demonstrates that the presence of miRNAs
does not appear to be a strict requirement for the transition from
uni- to multicellular life.
Submitted by Fredrik Söderbom [[log in to unmask]]
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[End dictyNews, volume 50, number 3]
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